Quantum Computing: Opportunities and Challenges in Modern Cryptography

Abstract

Quantum computing is poised to revolutionize fields ranging from artificial intelligence to cryptography. While it offers unparalleled computational power, its implications for modern cryptographic systems are profound. Quantum algorithms, such as Shor’s algorithm, threaten to break widely used encryption methods, including RSA and ECC. This paper explores the opportunities quantum computing presents for developing secure cryptographic systems and the challenges it poses to current frameworks. It also examines post-quantum cryptography as a solution and highlights the need for global preparedness to ensure secure communication in the quantum era.